中五生物科練習 2nd Term WS09 參考答案: 22 I

九龍塘學校(中學部)

中五生物科 第22章練習I

WS 09 參考答案

1      a      ATP是細胞的主要能量載體。                                                                                               1分

                ATP為細胞的活動提供能量，例如蛋白質合成／主動轉運／肌肉收縮       

／RNA合成／DNA合成等。                                                                                                1分

        b      細胞質                                                                                                                             1分

                線粒體                                                                                                                             1分

               葉綠體                                                                                                                             1分

2      a      能量                                                                                                                                 1分

        b      酶                                                                                                                                    1分

        c      水                                                                                                                                    1分

       d       需氧                                                                                                                                 1分

3      a      X：內膜                                                                                                                          1分

                Y：膜間腔                                                                                                                      1分

                Z：線粒體基質                                                                                                               1分

        b      X高度摺叠，以提供大的表面積    ，                                                                            1分

                容納更多呼吸作用所需的酶。                                                                                              1分

        c      i       ATP                                                                                                                         1分

                ii      在細胞中，ATP作為能量載體，                                                                            1分

                        把呼吸作用釋出的能量轉移至需要消耗能量的代謝活動中。                                      1分

        d      肌肉細胞含較多線粒體。                                                                                               1分

                肌肉細胞需要較多能量作肌肉收縮，                                                                            1分

                因此有較多線粒體以提供更多能量。                                                                            1分

4      a      細胞質                                                                                                                             1分

        b      乙酰輔酶A是糖酵解和克雷伯氏循環之間的中間生成物。                                          1分

                它由二碳的乙酰基與輔酶A結合而成。                                                                                1分

               乙酰輔酶A隨後會傳遞到克雷伯氏循環，進行代謝。                                                 1分

5     a       二氧化碳                                                                                                                         1分

        b      糖酵解在細胞質發生。                                                                                                   1分

                克雷伯氏循環在線粒體基質發生。                                                                                      1分

        c      i       在葡萄糖和丙糖磷酸之間                                                                                       1分

                ii      在丙糖磷酸和丙酮酸鹽之間                                                                                   1分

                        在六碳化合物和四碳化合物之間                                                                            1分

        d      NADH和FADH失去氫，氫由一個氫載體傳遞至另一個氫載體，     

                / 進行一連串的氧化還原反應                                                                                               1分

                過程中釋出能量，產生ATP，                                                                                              1分

                NAD和FAD再生。                                                                                                       1分

        e      丙酮酸鹽接受NADH的氫，                                                                                          1分

                還原成乳酸。                                                                                                                  1分