2015年12月11日 星期五

F4 Biology teaching notes Ch 5: NE 18


2   Lipids (脂質)
l  are organic substances made up of (41)carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms
l   H : O ratio is much (42) greater than 2 : 1
l   are insoluble in water but soluble in (43) organic solvents
l   (44) Triglycerides (甘油三酯):   
n  are the commonest type of lipids
n  are formed from the condensation of
² three (45) fatty acid (脂肪酸) molecules

² one (46) glycerol (甘油) molecule

http://www.biotopics.co.uk/as/lipidcondensation.html (animation: Formation of triglycerides)

n  can be classified into:

(49)Fat (脂肪)
(50)Oil ()
State at room temp
solids
liquids
Main source
animals
plants.

l   Functions:
n  Stored in (51) adipose tissues (脂肪組織) :           
² under the skin as (52) subcutaneous fat (皮下脂肪)
² around internal organs
which act as:
² energy reserves
² an (53) insulator to reduce heat loss
² a shock (54) absorber to protect the internal organs
n  Involved in transporting and storing (55) lipid / fat-soluble vitamins.
n  (56) Phospholipids are involved in making cell membranes

n  (57) Cholesterols are involved in making some (58) hormones (激素) (e.g. oestrogen 雌激素)

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