2 Lipids (脂質)
l are organic substances made up of (41)carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms
l
H : O ratio is much (42) greater than 2 : 1
l
are insoluble
in water but soluble in (43) organic solvents
l
(44) Triglycerides (甘油三酯):
n
are the commonest type of lipids
n
are formed from the condensation of
²
three (45) fatty acid (脂肪酸) molecules
²
one (46) glycerol (甘油) molecule
http://www.biotopics.co.uk/as/lipidcondensation.html
(animation: Formation of triglycerides)
n
can be classified into:
|
(49)Fat (脂肪)
|
(50)Oil (油)
|
State at room temp
|
solids
|
liquids
|
Main source
|
animals
|
plants.
|
l
Functions:
n
Stored in (51) adipose tissues (脂肪組織) :
²
under the skin as (52) subcutaneous
fat (皮下脂肪)
² around internal
organs
which act as:
² energy reserves
²
an (53) insulator to reduce heat
loss
²
a shock (54) absorber to protect the internal organs
n
Involved in transporting
and storing (55) lipid / fat-soluble vitamins.
n
(56) Phospholipids are involved in making cell membranes
n
(57) Cholesterols are involved in making some (58) hormones (激素) (e.g.
oestrogen 雌激素)
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