2015年9月16日 星期三

中五生物課後練習 第13章人的生殖

多項選擇題 (p. 13-40)
1      B
2      A
3      B
4      C
5      B
6      B
7      D
8      C
9      B
10    C
11    C
12    C
13    B
14    D
15    D
16    C

短題目 (p. 13-42)
17    a      X:頂體                                                                                                                 1
                Z:線粒體                                                                                                              1
        b      i       構造X釋出酶,                                                                                           1
                        用來消化卵的啫喱狀外層。                                                                        1
                ii      構造Z提供能量,                                                                                        1
                        讓精子游動。                                                                                                1

18    a      避孕丸可以防止懷孕/抑制成熟的卵形成/抑制排卵。                                1
        b      不用每天服用藥丸。/
                藥丸比較難吞嚥。                                                                                                1
        c      i       卵巢                                                                                                                1
                ii      乳房發育。/
                        臀部變寬。/
                        生殖部位附近長出毛髮。/
                        腋下長出毛髮。                                                                                            1
        d      i       測試藥貼的安全性/功效。                                                                        1
                ii      有些人認為這樣對動物很殘忍/不人道。/
                        有些人認為藥貼對不同物種/動物和人的功效不同。                            1

19    HKCEE生物科2011I Q4
(a)    IVDIUD的生物原理並不相同
        IVD作為物理屏障阻止精子經輸精管離開男性體內,(1)
        IUD則阻礙受精卵植入子宮內膜 (1)

(b)    其男性性徵並不會受影響 (1)
        因為製作雄激素的睪丸並無受影響,而激素是經過血流至身體各處地方,並不會經過受阻塞的輸精管  (1)

(c)    避孕套不有效防止性傳染病的傳染,而IVD卻無此功能 (1)

結構題 (p. 13-43)
20    a      A:卵巢                                                                                                                 1
                B:輸卵管                                                                                                              1
                C:子宮                                                                                                                  1
                D:子宮頸                                                                                                             1
        b      i       大量精子可以增加受精機會,                                                                    1
                        因為只有少部分的精子能到達受精發生的地方。                                    1
                ii      精子有尾,可以游動。/
                        精子有頂體,可以釋出酶幫助精子進入卵中。/
                        精子有線粒體,可以提供能量讓精子游動。/
                        卵的體積較大,含有較多細胞質作食物儲備。
                        (任何兩項)                                                                                        2 × 2

21    a      i       X:母親的血腔                                                                                             1
                        Y:胚胎絨毛                                                                                                 1
                        Z:臍帶                                                                                                          1
                ii      離開胎盤                                                                                                        1
                iii     臍靜脈的血液含有較多氧。                                                                        1
        b      i       組織是一組特化/分化的細胞。                                                                1
                        這些細胞組合起來,負責特定的功能。                                                    1
                ii      母親:母親的血腔                                                                                        1
                        胚胎:胚胎絨毛                                                                                            1
        c      可以避免母親較高的血壓破壞胚胎的血管。/
                母親和胎兒的基因型不同。這道屏障可以避免母親或胎兒產生免疫反應/可以分隔母親和胎兒的血液。/
                可以阻隔大部分的細菌/某些病毒。
                (任何兩項)                                                                                                1 × 2

22    a      X」清楚標示在輸卵管上                                                                                 1
        b      i       M:胎盤/胚胎絨毛                                                                                     1
                        N:臍帶                                                                                                         1
                ii      構造M的表面積很大,                                                                               1
                        有助氧從母親的血液擴散入胎兒的血液/二氧化碳從胎兒的血液擴散入母親的血液。    1
                        構造M有助縮短母親血液與胎兒血液之間的距離。                               1
        c      構造O/子宮壁收縮,把嬰兒推出。                                                                1
                構造P/子宮頸擴張,讓胎兒通過。                                                                 1
        d      i       病毒可能穿越胎盤。                                                                                    1
                        分娩時母親流血,病毒可能經血液由母體進入胎兒。                            1
                ii      孕婦需要有均衡的膳食。/
                        孕婦的膳食需要有較多鐵/蛋白質。/
                        孕婦不應吸煙/飲酒/濫藥。/
                        孕婦應進行身體檢查。/
                        孕婦應有適量的運動。
                        (任何兩項)                                                                                        1 × 2

論述題 (p. 13-44)
23    HKALE生物科2013II Q6a

24    避孕是指防止意外懷孕。                                                                                            1
        避孕丸含有合成性激素,能抑制成熟的卵形成和排卵。                                        1
        安全期避孕法即避免在受孕期進行性交。受孕期是指排卵前後數天的時間,在這段時間內,精子在輸卵管內與卵相遇的機會最高。                                                                                        1
        性交前先把子宮帽放在陰道內,遮蓋子宮頸,可以阻止精子進入子宮。            1
        性交前把安全套套在勃起的陰莖上,由於射精後精液會困在安全套內,因此精子不能進入子宮。        1
        性交前先把女用安全套放在陰道內,性交時把勃起的陰莖插入女用安全套的開口,射出的精液便會留在女用安全套內。                                                                                                            1
        輸精管切除術包括結紮並切斷輸精管,使精子不能傳送到女性體內。                1
        輸卵管結紮包括結紮並切斷輸卵管,使卵不能與精子相遇。                                1
        子宮環由醫生放入女士的子宮內,能阻止胚胎植入子宮內膜。                            1
        溝通                                                                                                                                3

從閱讀中學習 (p. 13-45)
1      精子活動能力太低/精子結構不正常/不能排卵/胚胎無法成功植入(任何兩項或其他正確答案)    1 × 2
2      刺激多個卵泡同時發育,可以收集到更多卵,讓受精發生。                                1
        這樣可以增加懷孕的成功率。                                                                                    1
3      在一般的懷孕過程中,受精在輸卵管的上半部發生。                                            1
        在體外受精的過程中,受精在體外/培養皿中發生。                                            1
4      餘下無用的胚胎會被毀滅,等於殺害生命。/
        體外受精會增加懷有多生的機會。懷有多生會影響母親的健康。/
        這個方法可以用來製造「設計嬰兒」。

        (任何兩項或其他合理答案)                                                                            1 × 2

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